From left, Energy Minister Alexander Novak, Gazprom CEO Alexei Miller, fourth left, Bulgarian Prime Minister Boyko Borisov, Russian President Vladimir Putin, Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan and Serbian President Aleksandar Vucic attend a ceremony to launch the TurkStream natural-gas pipeline between Russian and Turkey, in Istanbul, Turkey.

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Russian President Vladimir Putin listens to Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan, second left, before a ceremony to launch the TurkStream natural-gas pipeline between Russian and Turkey, in Istanbul, Turkey.

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Russian President Vladimir Putin speaks to Bulgarian Prime Minister Boyko Borisov before a ceremony to launch the TurkStream natural-gas pipeline between Russian and Turkey, in Istanbul, Turkey.

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Russian President Vladimir Putin and Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan attend a working lunch following a ceremony to launch the TurkStream natural-gas pipeline between Russian and Turkey, in Istanbul, Turkey.

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From left, Bulgarian Prime Minister Boyko Borisov, Russian President Vladimir Putin, Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan and Serbian President Aleksandar Vucic attend a working lunch following a ceremony to launch the TurkStream natural-gas pipeline between Russian and Turkey, in Istanbul, Turkey.

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Russian President Vladimir Putin delivers his speech during a ceremony to launch the TurkStream natural-gas pipeline between Russian and Turkey, in Istanbul, Turkey.

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Russian President Vladimir Putin and Gazprom CEO Alexei Miller shake hands during a ceremony to launch the TurkStream natural-gas pipeline between Russian and Turkey, in Istanbul, Turkey.

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Bulgarian Prime Minister Boyko Borisov, left, and Russian President Vladimir Putin walk before a ceremony to launch the TurkStream natural-gas pipeline between Russian and Turkey, in Istanbul, Turkey.

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Russian President Vladimir Putin and Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan, right, address the audience during a ceremony to launch the TurkStream natural-gas pipeline between Russian and Turkey, in Istanbul, Turkey.

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Russian President Vladimir Putin and Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan, right, attend a ceremony to launch the TurkStream natural-gas pipeline between Russian and Turkey, in Istanbul, Turkey.

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Bulgarian Prime Minister Boyko Borisov speaks to Russian President Vladimir Putin during a ceremony to launch the TurkStream natural-gas pipeline between Russian and Turkey, in Istanbul, Turkey.

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From left, Bulgarian Prime Minister Boyko Borisov, Russian President Vladimir Putin, Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan and Serbian President Aleksandar Vucic attend a ceremony to launch the TurkStream natural-gas pipeline between Russian and Turkey, in Istanbul, Turkey.

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Russian President Vladimir Putin and Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan shake hands during a ceremony to launch the TurkStream natural-gas pipeline between Russian and Turkey, in Istanbul, Turkey.

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Bulgarian Prime Minister Boyko Borisov, second left, and Russian President Vladimir Putin shake hands during a ceremony to launch the TurkStream natural-gas pipeline between Russian and Turkey, in Istanbul, Turkey. Gazprom CEO Alexei Miller is on the left. Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan and Serbian President Aleksandar Vucic is second and first right respectively.

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From left, Bulgarian Prime Minister Boyko Borisov, Russian President Vladimir Putin, Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan and Serbian President Aleksandar Vucic shake hands during a ceremony to launch the TurkStream natural-gas pipeline between Russian and Turkey, in Istanbul, Turkey.

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Participants shake hands during a ceremony to launch the TurkStream natural-gas pipeline between Russian and Turkey, in Istanbul, Turkey.

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Russian President Vladimir Putin and Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan, right, attend a ceremony to launch the TurkStream natural-gas pipeline between Russian and Turkey, in Istanbul, Turkey.

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Russian President Vladimir Putin and Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan attend a ceremony to launch the TurkStream natural-gas pipeline between Russian and Turkey, in Istanbul, Turkey.

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Russian President Vladimir Putin and Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan, right, attend a ceremony to launch the TurkStream natural-gas pipeline between Russian and Turkey, in Istanbul, Turkey.

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Russian President Vladimir Putin and Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan, right, attend a ceremony to launch the TurkStream natural-gas pipeline between Russian and Turkey, in Istanbul, Turkey.

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Russian President Vladimir Putin and Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan, centre, attend a ceremony to launch the TurkStream natural-gas pipeline between Russian and Turkey, in Istanbul, Turkey.

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Russian President Vladimir Putin and Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan, centre, attend a ceremony to launch the TurkStream natural-gas pipeline between Russian and Turkey, in Istanbul, Turkey.

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Russian President Vladimir Putin and Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan attend a ceremony to launch the TurkStream natural-gas pipeline between Russian and Turkey, in Istanbul, Turkey.

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Russian President Vladimir Putin attends a ceremony to launch the TurkStream natural-gas pipeline between Russian and Turkey, in Istanbul, Turkey.

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Russian President Vladimir Putin delivers his speech during a ceremony to launch the TurkStream natural-gas pipeline between Russian and Turkey, in Istanbul, Turkey.

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Russian President Vladimir Putin and Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan, centre, attend a ceremony to launch the TurkStream natural-gas pipeline between Russian and Turkey, in Istanbul, Turkey.

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Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan speaks during a ceremony to launch the TurkStream natural-gas pipeline, in Istanbul, Turkey.

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Russian President Vladimir Putin shakes hands with Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan during a ceremony to launch the TurkStream natural-gas pipeline, in Istanbul, Turkey.

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Russian President Vladimir Putin shakes hands with Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan during a ceremony to launch the TurkStream natural-gas pipeline, in Istanbul, Turkey.

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Russian President Vladimir Putin attends a welcome ceremony upon his arrival at Ataturk Airport in Istanbul, Turkey. Putin and his Turkish counterpart Tayyip Erdogan will discuss the future of Syria and the crises in the US-Iranian ties during their meeting on January 8.

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Russian President Vladimir Putin attends a welcome ceremony upon his arrival at Ataturk Airport in Istanbul, Turkey. Putin and his Turkish counterpart Tayyip Erdogan will discuss the future of Syria and the crises in the US-Iranian ties during their meeting on January 8.

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