Russian President Vladimir Putin, German Chancellor Angela Merkel, background 2nd right, and Ukrainian President Petro Poroshenko, foreground right, during the Normandy format meeting between the leaders of Germany, Russia, Ukraine and France on settling the Ukrainian conflict, at the Paul Loebe Haus parliamentary building in Berlin, October 19, 2016. Background 3rd right: German Foreign Minister Frank-Walter Steinmeier. Background left: Russian Foreign Minister Sergei Lavrov. Background 3rd left: Russian Presidential Aide Vladislav Surkov.